Camera Angles

Establishing Shot
The establishing shot is the first shot in a scene. It is a scene-setting shot that is usually outside and shows little detail. This shot tells the audience where the scene is going to take place. This shot is taken using a helicopter, crane or from the top of a tall building.

Hand Held

This is a jerky and shaky effect, which is the opposite of a smooth dolly shot. This is mostly used as the subject is moving. it creates a sense of realism and makes the audience feel part of the scene, rather than a fixed position. The camera is strapped to the operator by a harness and is very heavy.

Low Angle

The low angle shot is from below eye level and looks up. This can be used to make the subject look bigger and powerful. This shot means the background behind subject has very little detail highlighting the subject. This is achieved by having the camera lower than the subject and pointing at the subjects eye level.

Dolly Shot

the camera moves along side the action or following the subject. This is used for portraying movement or for moving from a long shot to a close-up. The camera will be placed on tracks or a car (and other moving objects) to be able to move with the action. It is sometimes called a tracking shot.

Extreme Close-Up

This shot focuses and magnifies on one small detail of the subject. This shot shows what the audience cannot see clearly in other shots. The shots have no background and provide dramatic effect. These shots are very delicate, the smallest moment will be very noticeable.

Crane Shot

The crane shot is like the Dolly Shot except the camera is mounted on a crane. This gives a larger range of camera movements. Crane shots are used to follow objects into the air and follow the action from a Aerial shot to level with the action. The equipment is very heavy and needs to be controlled by a crane operator. It is sometimes called a Jib.

Editing Workflow

The first step is to create where all of the media that your going to use is going to be stored. To do this, right click on the background and select New Folder, Name it to the title of your project.

Then open Final Cut Pro

 Scratch Disks decide where all of the files that are log and transferred and any other files are kept. To do this, go to Final Cut Pro>System Settings>OK

To log and transfer go to File>Log and Transfer. Press the small Folder with a plus and select the files that you want to transfer. Then press add Selection to Queue.

 A new sequence can be made Pressing cmd+shift+n. Sequences show what your working on, a project can have multiple sequences.
Exporting your project will allow you to view it in many ways like, mobile content, DVDs, web use and easy viewing. To Export your project go to File>Export>QuickTime Movie
QuickTime Movie exports your project as a .MOV file
If you choose to Export as a Quicktime Conversion you can choose between many file formats.

Cables

Cables

Composite video is an analogue transmission that sends a signal of standard definition at 480i and 576i. It is used for standard format such as NTSC, PAL and SECAM. Unlike S-video and Component it only carries 1 signal.

S-video is another analogue cable carrying standard definition at 480i and 576i. S-video achieves a better image than composite by separating black and white colour signals, but it has a lower resolution than component video. Each pin has its own group pin, thats why there a four pins. The fifth pin is for holding purposes.

Component video is analogue but it distributes the colour signal three ways, red, green, blue. Component has the capability for full HD resolution, but extra conversion must take place, due to the nature of digital TV's, this creates artefacts (edge clarity)

VGA is commonly used for computer monitors and connects to video cards, HDTV's, laptops, notebooks and can also be used for other equipment. VGA uses the same signal method as component cable, RGB. VGA allows for higher resolutions, raging from 640x400 all the way to 2048x1536. Just like most higher resolution cables, VGA has coaxial wiring and insulation which provides for higher quality. VAG does not carry audio.

DVI is a digital cable, this means that there is no loss of quality. Often they are used for HDTV's and video cards. There are three main types of DVI cables: DVI-D, DVI-A, DVI-I. The cable comes in single and duel link. Its resolutions up to 3840x2400. Just like VGA, DVI does't carry audio.

HDMI is used on many different devices for example computers, cameras, monitors and blue-ray players. HDMI is a digital cable which means no loss of signal, it carries both video and audio. There are three main versions of HDMI cables, Version 1.0, 1.4 and 2.0. Version 1.0 allowed for 1920x1080p. Version 1.4 supports ethernet, 3D and 3840x2160 at 30fps. And version 2.0 supports 3840x2160p at 60fps.

RCA Connector is analogue. Two of the cables are for audio and one is for video. RCA is commonly is used for stereo equipment, often consumer grade. Still used by many devices before and after the digital switch over (VHS, DVD players and TVs) RCAs lose quality over distance and are susceptible to hum and noise.

1/4 jack and 1/8 jack (3.5mm) are audio cables and don't have video. 3.55 is found on phones, DSLR's (these cables are intended for short runs). 1/4 jack is used for audio recording equipment, stereo equipment, guitar and bass leads.

XLR connector is most commonly used for microphones. The XLR has three pins, similar to the balanced connection on a 3.5mm or 1/4mm jack. The female end of the XLR is usually the source and the male is the input. Due to the design, the microphone wont disconnect on its own, it has a button that manualy needs to be pressed .