Colour temperature is the way to describe the colours that the lighting of the set gives off. Colour temperature is measured in Kelvin (K), colder colours have a higher K, and warmer colours have a lower K. A blue sky on a clear day is 9500K which is near the top of the scale, the preset balance to use for this would be Daylight Balance. Opposite to this is candle light at 1500k at the bottom of the scale. The lighting for this would be very orange.
White Balance is what the camera values as white and it can be changed manually. The white balance is used best when it is set to the same K as the colour temperature that the lighting gives off.
To balance a DSLR camera, hold a white sheet of paper, with the light from the set on it, in front of the cameras and press the WB button. The camera also offers some preset white balanced settings but they might not be good enough.
White balancing a camera is important because it prevents unrealistic casts of light and produces an image that better resembles what the human eye can see.
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